Duiring Manchuria. Alcohol, opium and culture in northeast China. Smith N.

“The stupefaction of Manchuria” shows how large-scale production of alcohol and opium survived in northeastern China in conditions of militaristic fragmentation, Japanese invasion, political conflicts, and developed movement against narcotic substances.

Norman Smith analyzes the images Alcohol and opium in the Chinese media, to explain how society perceived stupefying substances and dependence on them, and what measures were taken to reduce their consumption - this topic has not previously been raised in the scientific literature.