Neuroendocrine tumors. General principles of diagnosis and treatment. Editor: Gorbunova Vera Andreevna

The management is written in accordance with the federal state standards of drug therapy of malignant tumors based on the principles of evidence -based medicine. It sets out epidemiological data on the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors (NEO) in Russia and abroad. Pathomorphologists presented the basic morphological features of neuroendocrine neoplasms, the fundamental differences between the NEO and neuroendocrine carcino (NEC), and the last (2019) classification of neuroendocrine gastroenteropancreatic tumors are given. The biochemical characteristics of the functioning and non -functioning NEOs are described, the mandatory and rare markers necessary in the process of diagnosis to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of the disease. The clinical manifestations of carcinoid and other syndromes, including hereditary syndromes associated with the occurrence of NEO, are in detail. Features of the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasias are considered in detail, depending on the degree of malignancy of the process, the difference in approaches in the therapy of NEO and NEC. Modern possibilities of cytotoxic, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, biotherapy are represented, the expediency of continued therapy with somatostatin analogues and the sequence of change of various types of treatment for long -term control over the disease are demonstrated. Treatment standards are given. The emphasis has been placed on the results of institutions and schools with the greatest experience in surgical, intervention and combined treatment of various localizations of the NEO, including rare ones. The publication is intended for oncologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, as well as doctors of other specialties involved in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasias.