The world is as a will and a performance. Schopenhauer A.

Arthur Schopenhauer is an outstanding German philosopher-irrationalist. He received the nickname "Pessimist philosopher", because he called the existing world "the worst of the possible worlds." For his time, he was the owner of a large library, in which there were 1375 books, but he said that excessive reading does not bring benefits, but, on the contrary, weakens the mind, accustoming him to learn other people's ideas. He was fond of mysticism, highly appreciated the works of Immanuel Kant and criticized Hegel, his contemporary. In 1819, Schopenhauer published his main work “Peace as a will and representation”, in which he sought to substantiate a new and comprehensive teaching opposite to the rationalism of the New Age. And although recognition to Schopenhauer came quite late, only in the 1850s, his works had a great influence on the development of philosophy, in particular, on such thinkers as F. Nietzsche, L. Wittgenstein, Z. Freud, K. Jung, and Einstein, L. Tolstoy.