Torikaaba Monogatari, or Confusion

The novel “Confusion” (“Torikaabay Monogatari”) was written by an unknown author in the 12th century, at the end of the Hayan era (IX-XII centuries). Japanese fiction of that time is represented by several genres, among which the Monogatari genre is characterized by the maximum freedom of the author’s creative imagination. Hayan literature was not interested in political ups and downs, it was focused on love and aesthetic experiences.

the effect of the novel takes place at the imperial court. The tie is the birth in the family of a courtier similar as two drops of the water of his brother and sister. According to the laws of plot, this entails a confusing story with changing clothes, a change of roles, unnecution, ridiculous situations. There are a lot of poetry and music on the pages of the book - the obligatory elements of the life of a higher Heyan society. This is a novel about compassion and cruelty, about devoted love and treason.